[Concordance among samples taken from a subcutaneous reservoir and a peripheral puncture]. / Concordancia entre muestras extraídas por reservorio subcutáneo y punción periférica.

Many patients who undergo phlebo-toxic treatment eventually require central vein access ways and of these accesses, the most common one used among oncology patients due to its advantages is a subcutaneous reservoir. The objective of this study was to verify the concordance among samples obtained from a subcutaneous reservoir using the rejection technique, and those obtained when using a direct puncture technique. This study included 22 patients who were carriers of a subcutaneous reservoir and who visited outpatient services during March and April in 2006. The study authors obtained simultaneous samples from subcutaneous reservoirs and from peripheral veins. These parameters were compared by means of an intra-class correlation coefficient. Only hematology parameters, that is leucocytes, hematocrits, hemoglobin and platelets, showed an adequate concordance.

Concordancia entre muestras extraídas por reservorio subcutáneo y punción periférica / Concordance among simples taken from a subcutaneous reservoir and a peripheral puncture

Muchos de los pacientes que reciben tratamientos flebotóxicos acaban precisando accesos venosos centrales siendo el más común por sus ventajas, entre los pacientes oncológicos, el reservorio subcutáneo. El objetivo de este estudio fue averiguar la concordancia entre las muestras obtenidas del reservorio subcutáneo, utilizando la técnica de descarte, y las obtenidas por punción directa. La muestra incluía 22 pacientes portadores de reservorios subcutáneos, que acudieron al hospital de día durante los meses de marzo y abril del 2006. Se obtuvieron muestras simultáneas del reservorio subcutáneo y de vena periférica. Los parámetros se compararon con el coeficiente de correlación intraclase. Sólo los parámetros de hematología (leucocitos, hematocrito, hemoglobina y plaquetas) obtuvieron una concordancia adecuada(AU)

Many patients who undergo phlebo-toxic treatment eventually require central vein access ways and of these accesses, the most common one used among oncology patients due to its advantages is a subcutaneous reservoir. The objective of this study was to verify the concordance among samples obtained from a subcutaneous reservoir, using the rejection technique, and those obtained when using a direct puncture technique. This study included 22 patients who were carriers of a subcutaneous reservoir and who visited outpatient services during March and April in 2006. The study authors obtained simultaneous samples from subcutaneous reservoirs and from peripheral veins. These parameters were compared by means of an intra-class correlation coefficient. Only hematology parameters, that is leucocytes, hematocrits, hemoglobin and platelets, showed an adequate concordance(AU)

[Famine in the Spanish civil war and mortality from coronary heart disease: a perspective from Barker's hypothesis]. / El hambre en la Guerra Civil española y la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica: una perspectiva desde la hipótesis de Barker.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the famine experienced during the Spanish civil war and immediate postwar period influenced mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) in persons born in this period, following the lines of Barker's hypothesis on fetal programming of chronic diseases in adult life. METHODS: Using CHD mortality data by age and sex for 1990-2002, annual and age-adjusted rates were calculated by the direct method. Poisson regressions were used to estimate period, age and cohort effects by year of birth (1918-1957). RESULTS: During the study period, CHD mortality fell by a yearly average of -2.3% in both sexes and in all ages yearly. This trend was influenced by both cohort and period effects (p<0.001); an increased risk was observed for both sexes and in all ages in the deaths corresponding to persons born during the war and postwar years when the famine was most intense (1937, 1940, 1943 and 1945). CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained by studying yearly CHD mortality are compatible with those expected by Barker's hypothesis of the effect of nutritional stress during pregnancy. In addition to its human, economic and political costs, the Spanish civil war could also have had negative consequences for the health of persons born in this period.

El hambre en la Guerra Civil española y la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica: una perspectiva desde la hipótesis de Barker / Famine in the Spanish civil war and mortality from coronary heart disease: a perspective from Baker's hypothesis

Objetivo: Analizar si el hambre durante la Guerra Civil española y la inmediata posguerra influyó sobre la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica de las personas que nacieron en este período, según lo planteado en la hipótesis de Barker acerca de la posible programación fetal de enfermedades de la edad adulta. Métodos: Con los datos de mortalidad por edad y sexo por cardiopatía isquémica en el período 1990-2002, se calcularon las tasas anuales de mortalidad específicas y las tasas ajustadas por edad, por el método directo. Mediante análisis de regresión de Poisson se analizó el efecto de la edad, el período y la cohorte anual de nacimiento (1918-1957). Resultados: Durante el período de estudio, la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica ha disminuido un promedio anual de ­2,3% en ambos sexos y para todas las edades. En el descenso de mortalidad están presentes los efectos cohorte y período (p < 0,001); se observa un incremento del riesgo para todas las edades y ambos sexos en las muertes correspondientes a personas nacidas durante los años reconocidos como de mayor escasez alimentaria de la Guerra Civil y la inmediata posguerra (1937, 1940, 1943 y 1945). Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos al estudiar anualmente la mortalidad por cardiopatía isquémica son compatibles con la hipótesis de Barker sobre el efecto del estrés alimentario durante el embarazo en la génesis de diversas enfermedades en el adulto. La Guerra Civil española, además de costes humanos, económicos y políticos, puede haber tenido consecuencias negativas para la salud de los nacidos en esas cohortes

Objective: To determine whether the famine experienced during the Spanish civil war and immediate postwar period influenced mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD) in persons born in this period, following the lines of Barker's hypothesis on fetal programming of chronic diseases in adult life. Methods: Using CHD mortality data by age and sex for 1990-2002, annual and age-adjusted rates were calculated by the direct method. Poisson regressions were used to estimate period, age and cohort effects by year of birth (1918-1957). Results: During the study period, CHD mortality fell by a yearly average of ­2.3% in both sexes and in all ages yearly. This trend was influenced by both cohort and period effects (p < 0.001); an increased risk was observed for both sexes and in all ages in the deaths corresponding to persons born during the war and postwar years when the famine was most intense (1937, 1940, 1943 and 1945). Conclusions: The results obtained by studying yearly CHD mortality are compatible with those expected by Barker's hypothesis of the effect of nutritional stress during pregnancy. In addition to its human, economic and political costs, the Spanish civil war could also have had negative consequences for the health of persons born in this period